Furnace



-A Sept. 10, 1929. G. Hor-MANN 1,727,599

y FURNACE y Original Filed March 23, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 10, 1929. G. HOFMANN 1,727,599 4 FURNACE Original Filed March.\23, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 JEEL1` G. HOFMANN sept'. 1o, 1929.

AFURNAGE Original Filed March 23, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 HOFMANN,

arnese or Lyons, Inrirnors.

FURNACE.

927, Serial .Application filed March My invention relates generally to fur naces, though more particularly, to oil-lired furnaces, it being' my primaiy object to provide improxements in furnaces to the end that the maximum eiliciency of the fuel introduced into the furnace may be obtained, the discharge of unconsuined free carbon from the combustion chamber and the deposit of such carbon on the heating surfaces of the furnace be prevented, and the heat units generated by the combustion'of the fuel, particularly in the heating of water in a boiler furnace, be utilized to as near the maximum extent as possible.

Referring to the accompanying drawingsz y Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of a boiler furnace constructed in accordance with my invention, a portion of the front thereof being broken away to disclose interior details. Fig. 2 is a view in side eleva-y tion of the furnace with a portion of the side thereof broken away to disclose interior details, the lower portion of the furnace being shown in section with the section taken at the line 2 2 on Fig. 3 and viewed in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 3 is a plan sectional view taken at the irregular line 3-3 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the dire@ tion of the arrows; and Figz, an enlarged, broken sectional view taken at thefline H on 2 and viewed in the directiony of the arrows.

ils a preface to the yfollowing description, it may be stated that my present invention relates generally 'to the provision of a defloctor located in the rear portion of the combustion chamber and preferably adjustable lengthwise of the chamber for impingeo ment by the combustion-mixture in its travel tmvard the stack and the detlecting of such mixture forwardly into the mainY body of flame to effect the complete combustion of the fuel and the elin'iination ott free carbon, la my invention having been devised for use more particularly, though not to its eXcluy in other structures, in connection with an oil-fired furnace involving a supplemental Water hee ing chamber l cned adiad cent the burnin: "l ib. True' ne. ive/,59s. Renewed recember e, 192s.

whereby the stream of burning mixture is caused" to be deflected laterally in bothy directions and thereafter rise about the opposite sides of the supplemental water chamber in accordance with my ypending appli.- cation for U. S. patent on furnaces, Serial No. 162,066, tiled January 19, 1917, and I have, therefore, chosen to illustrate it in such a construction of furnace, but Without, however, intending` 'to' limit the invention to its use in such a structure. y i

The particular furnace structure shown is generally of the separate `Water-chamber steam-boiler type presenting acombustion chamber' 10 containing' an opening in' the frontk wall of the furnace equipped'with a door 11, and an outlet 12, forthe products of combustion, in the( rear Wall of the `furnace adjacent the top'fof the chamber '10. The

water chambersureferred to and represented `f at`18 are formed rin the several flatwise-asseinbled grid-like sections 14 of thefurnace theV chambers in which open, respectively, into pipes 15 communicating with a header l5 from which the steam pipe 16 extends. Thelower ends of the sections y14 form the upper portion ofthe combustion'chamber 10, the intermediate ones of these sections hav-'v ing leg-portions 18a which form' portions ofthe side walls of the combustion chamber 10, as shown infFig. 1, with the waterchambers in these sections extending downwardly close to the bottom surfaces of these legs. The sections` 14 are shown as supported on ra rectangular base 17 of concrete which forms the lower portions `of the surrounding wallsfofthe lcombustion chamber 10, the opposite side walls of this chamber from the bottom of the furnace to a point about half way to the-top of this chamber, and preferably throughout the klength of the latter, being of rupwardly and outwardly curved form, as illustrated at 18, such sur-r faces being preferablyprovided by lining the side walls of the base 17 with refractory material 19 as shown. Located in the combustion rchamber 10 in a position to extend into the path of thefcom-f ion re in yflowing in the torulo`u's-4r f 'Eea scribes ttere deb iectiiig and primary water-heating device represented generally at 20 which extends lengthwise of the chamber l() and at its sides, top and bottom, in spa-ced relation to the opposing surfaces yof this chamber, the liront-end portion of the device y2O being Vin line Vwit-h the inlet 21' through which the combustion-mixture, as for example atomized oil, is introduced into the combustion chamber l0, the mixture burning upon issu.- ing from the inlet and it moves along the delector-device 20.

The device 20, which inthe particular ai rangement shown, is provided as a structure separate trom-the furnace proper, and would be'soprovided especially when itis desired to equip existing Jfurnaces with f such. ay struc- 'li i ture,.but whichin the case of originalinstallations could be built into the furnace otherwise than'as a. separate part, is formed of" va` hollow body7 22 of general semi-cylindricalV torinwith its curved surface uppermost, as shown', andarranged in the chamber 10 to eXtend substantially horizontal therein, the body 22 having a depending hollow fin 23, the spaceinwhichopensinto-the space withinthe body=-22 thereby. forming a water chamber inthe body 22. whichextends downwanfdly into I the fin 23y throughout substantially tlie'len'gthof the latter. l

rlhe h23 which. is-disposed substantiallyA vertically and-is located midway between the oppositesides of the body- 22, inclines at its bottom edge portion upwardly and, rear.- wardly'as shown, the forward extremity of thelimwhich is in direct alignment withthe fuel inlet 2l, beingv relatively thinwand pre-- seating' substantial-lyv parallel verticalr side surfaces 25. The side surfaces of the iin, from the trent endthereof toward the rear end are outwardly curved, as represented. atY Q4, with progressively increasingr curva-- ture to a point at the' extreme rear end oitthc finy 23 wherethe fin. substantially merges into. the lz'ithorizontal bottom of. the body4 portion 22. Y n

The water chamber. in the device is connected at its-forward endwith a pipe 2Bl constituting ai party of the piping through which the water condensed in the heating pipes ci the heating systemfin connection with which lthe boiler wouldl be used,.is1returned toytlie boiler, theA` pipe 26 being shown asv connected at 27. with piping 28 which. opens into the lowerends of the legsot thek water-chamber sections llf, through headers 29 having branch pipes 30; one ot the head,- ers 29 connecting with a` pipe 31 through whichthe returnwatery flowsY into one of the healers 29 and thencefinto the legsof the water chamber` sections at. both sides of the uriiaceand into theforwardV end of the chamber inr thedevice 20., Therear end; of thewater chamber in the device 2O communicates` atvits upper portion, with one end of a pipe 32 which opens at its other end into the water chamber in one of the sections le preferably below the water level maintained in the boiler. The combustion chamber also contains hollow cylinders located at opposite sides ot the device 2O and closely adjacent, but spaced from, the sides of the latter, these cylinders which incline upwardly toward the rear of the furnace, as show-n, being located in the sameV horizontal plane as that occupied by the device 20, the opposite ends of these cylinders being connected with pipes which open into the water chambers in. the legs of ceitainfof thesections lilas illustratediinthe drawings.. p

rllhe'construction shown also involves delectjor means for: the rcombustion-minture embodying; my invention, these deflector meansaccordingv to the particular illustrated embodiment4 of the invention. comprising af curved. plate 35 located betweenthe rear end of'` the device 2O andthe rear wall of the combustion` chamber 10. The lower. portion oi'i this plate, which is shapedto conforminglj,7 lit the side walls of the lower. portionof the combustion chamber, extendsat itsA lower edge close to, and preferably bears against, the bottom ot. this chamber.v The lateral edge portions, of the upper portion of the deiiectorxplate 35. which extends at its torward extremitya considerable distance above the; device 20,.VV are preferably curved inwardly1 and forwardly, as shownandv extend relatively closetoithe adjacent portions of the side walls of the chamber 3G.

The detlector plate 35 is preferably supportedI ina@ manner to permit it to be ad'-k just'ed. lengthwise of. the combustion chamber. toward and away from. the device 20 as for example by. providing.w slideways 36 on the'reiactory material 19 at opposite sides ottlie combustion. chamber, with guides 37; extending above, and vertically Vspaced from, theways, the plate 35 bearing upon the slideways 86 at shoulder., or. shoe-portions 38 secured to the plate 35 and extendinglat erfallyy therefrom oppositev edges of the latter andl located beneath the guides 37.

As a convenient means or'. adjusting the deiiector backY and` forth in the combustion chamber the plate 35. may be provided. with eyes 39. for engagement with the hook-ends of rods l(notA shown) which may. be introduced intothe combustion. chamber from its forward end through an opening in the front wallet thecombustion chamber and covered by ay removable closure 40,. and hooked into theseeyesf.,

lai the operat'ioni ofv the structure shown the combustion mixturedischarges into the combustion. chamber'lO through the inlet 21, the mixture being. ignited as it leaves the inlet,.and by'reason of the position of the -i`ni23 direct-ly in line with the inlet, is caused to be Cil lOD

oil-burning divided by the fin into two separate streams which upon traversing the increasingly curving side-surfaces of the fin are deflected laterally and outwardly towards opposite sides of the combustion chamber and thereafter flow toward the median line of the device 20 and thence rearwardly into engagement with the defiector 35 with the result that the stream of combustion-mixture is deflected forwardly into La position above the body of flame rising from around the device Q0 thereby causing such portionsof the combustionmixture which are 'unburned before impinging against the deflector, to be subjected to the intense heat of the main body of flame and thereby become consumed with the manifest advantage.

Furthermore, the deflection of the burning mixture as stated serves to concentrate the heat of the burning mixture against the member 20 and also against the lower portions of the legs of the water-chamber sections and against the water-cylinders 33 resulting in the utilization, to the maximum extent, of the fuel for heating the water in the boiler structure.

The feature of providing for the adjustment of the dellector 35 as stated is of particular` advantage as it permits of the positioning of the deflector for functioning to the best advantage under the varying conditions presented in furnace structures, this being particularly true where the furnace is of the type.

It will be observed that my improvement does not involve the baffling of the stream of burning combustion-mixture but the deflccting thereof by means of the provision of a curved surface against which the stream of burning mixture flows and by which its course is changed to direct it baclrwardly without abrupt arrestation.

While my mprovements were devised for use more particularly in a furnace having the auxiliary water containers as above described, and in connection with which it functions in a highly eflicent manner, it will be understood that it is not limited to use'in a furnace of the type shown, nor one employing auxiliary heating chambers, nor oil as the fuel, neither is it limited to the provision of deflector means of the particular construction shown, and therefore I do not wish to be understood as intending to limit it to use in the connection shown or in the form illustrated and described.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a water-container in said chamber, means for directing a combustion mixture against said container, and a deflector at the rear end portion of said chamber and ex- `tendng erosswise thereof and arranged to deflect the mixture forwardly and over sait water-container.

2. Al furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a water-container .in said chamber, means for "directing a combustion mixture against said container, and a deflectorat the rear end portion of said chamber and extending crosswise thereof, said deflector extending from a point adjacent the floor of said combustion chamberand below said water-container to a container. i

3. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a water-container in said chamber, means for directing a combustion mixture against said container, and a dellector at the rear end portion of said chamber and extending crosswise thereof, said deflector extending from a point adjacent the floor of said combustion chamber andy below said water-container to a point above said watercontainer, with its front face curving forwardly at its upper and lower portions.

fl. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a water-container in said chamber, supplemental water-containers in said chamber at the sides of said rst-referred-to container, means for directing a ycombustion mixture, against said containers and a `depoint above said waterflector at the rear end portion ofsaid chamber and extending crosswis'e thereof and arranged to defiect the mixture forwardly and over said water-containers. f c

5. A furnace comprising ka cumbustion chamber, means for directing a combustion mixture rlnto the front end of the combustion chamber, a deflecting member in said chamber arranged to deflect the mixture laterally in both directons, and a second deflect-or at the rear end portion of said chamber and extending crosswise thereof and arranged toy deflectthe mixture, deflected by said firstnamed defiector, forwardly` and over the fiame risingupwardly around the latter.

l6. A furnace i comprising a combustion chamber, means for directing a combustion mixture into the front end of the combustion chamber, a combined water container `and fuel defiecting member in said cham-y ber arranged to deflectthe combustion mixture laterally in bot-h directions, and a second deflector at the rear end portion of said chamber and extending thereof and arranged to deflect the combustion mixture, defiected by said first-named deflector, forwardly and over the fiame rising upwardly around the latter.

,7. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a deflector located in said chamber, means for supplying a combustion mixture to said chamber and causing it to flow substantially horizontally therein, the longitudinal axis of said deflector extending generall in the direction of said flow of the combustion mixture, said deflector having crosswise f an under-surface disposed in the line of:

ysaid flow and so shaped as to causeV the mixture engaging said deliector to be de- Cia fiected laterally in opposite directions toward the side walls' of said chamber, and a ysecond deflector at the rear end portion of said chamber and extending crosswise` thereof and arranged to deflect the mixture, deflected by said first-named deliector, forwardly and over the flame rising upwardly around the latter.

8. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber having upwardly and outwardly curved side walls, means for supplying a combustion mixture to said chamber and causing it to flow substantially horizontally therein, means extending into the line of yflowof the mixture for defleeting the mixturelaterally outwardly toward and against said curved side walls, and a deflector at the rear end portion of saidL chamberr and extendingy crosswise thereof and arranged to deflect the mixture, deflected by said second-named means, forwardly and over the flame rising upwardly around thev latter.

9. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber having upwardly and outwardlyV curved side walls, a deflector in saidchambei', means fork supplying a combustion mix` ythe mixture, deflected by said first-named defiector, forwardly and over the flame rising upwardly around the latter.

l0. A furnace comprising a Combustion chamber havin@v upwardly and outwardly ycurved side walls, means for supplying a A combustion mixture to said chamber and causing it to. flow substantially horizontally therein, a combinedy water container and fuel deflecting member extending into the line of flow of the mixture and adapted to deflect the mixture laterally outwardly toward and against said curved side walls, and a second deflector member at the rear end portion of said chamber and extending crosswise thereof and arranged to deflect the mixture, deflected by said lirst-namedvr deectonforwardly and over the flame ris` ing upwardly around the latter.

1l. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, means for supplying a combustion mixture te. said chamber andl causing it to` flow substantially horizontally therein, a deflecting member in said chamber arranged to deflect ksaid'v mixture laterally in4 both directions, and a=second` deilector at the rear end portion of saidzchamber and extending crosswisev thereof and. arranged to deflect said mixture, deflected by said first-named deflector, forwardly and over the flame riss ing upwardly around the latter, the upper portion of said deflector curving toward the front of said chamber with its lateraledge portions deflected forwardly.

. Y GEORGE HOFMANN.

CFI 

